Materials: Original Oreos Sprinkles Napkins Chromebook with internet Camera (phone) Investigation 1: Models Part 1: Modeling Mitosis Hypothesis: If a model of mitosis is built out of oreo cookies then we would get an accurate view and better understanding of mitosis. Procedures: 1. Obtain 4-6 Oreo cookies and twist the Oreos sideways in order to separate the frosted side from the non-frosted side. Make sure only one side has the frosting and the other does not. 2. Obtain sprinkles. These will be used to create the mitosis on the frosting. 3. Create the different phases of mitosis using the sprinkles and putting them on the frosted side of the Oreo. 4. Record data by taking pictures of the Oreos. Key: Oreo Cookie: Cell Oreo Cream: Nuclear Envelope Sprinkles: Chromosomes and Spindle Fibers Justification: My model shows a simplistic version of mitosis and a visual representation of the phases that create two daughter cells from cell division. Analysis Questions:
Conclusion: This lab was a success in my opinion. Errors that occurred were not all the frosting staying on just one side of the cookie and the breaking of cookies. You can easily see and understand how mitosis works and how two daughter cells are created by cell division. Part 2: Meiosis Hypothesis: If a model of meiosis is built out of oreo cookies then we would get an accurate view and better understanding of meiosis. Procedures:
Key: Oreo Cookie: Cell Oreo Cream: Nuclear Envelope Sprinkles: Chromosomes and Spindle Fibers Prophase I: The chromosomes condense, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. Crossing Over: Crossing over then occurs which is the exchange of genes between chromosomes. Metaphase I: Pairs of homologous chromosomes move to the center of the metaphase plate. Anaphase I: Homologous chromosomes move to the opposite poles of the cell. Telophase I: Chromosomes gather at the poles of the cells and the cytoplasm divides. Prophase II: A new spindle forms around the chromosomes of the cell. Metaphase II: Chromosomes line up at the center of the metaphase plate. Anaphase II: Centromeres divide and chromatids move to the opposite poles of the cell. Telophase II: A nuclear envelope forms around the chromosomes and spindle fibers are completely gone and two nuclei are formed. Cytokinesis: Four haploid cells are produced. Justification: My model shows a simplistic version of meiosis and a visual representation of the phases that create four daughter cells through cell division which results in half the chromosomes of the parent cell. Analysis Questions:
Conclusion: In conclusion, this part of the lab was very complex and difficult, and errors did occur. It was hard to understand pictures of meiosis and relay it with the Oreos. If I had more background information on meiosis, this part of the lab would be a lot better. Overall, the information I provided shows how meiosis occurs and how it creates four daughter cells through cell division in the end. Investigation 2: Studying the Effects of Environment on Mitosis Part 3: Time Spent in the Phases of Mitosis (this link is in case the other stuff doesn’t work) Hypothesis: If the procedure is successful, then we will be able to see the onion root tip go through the cell cycle during the experiment. Procedures: 1. Initially, go to the following link: http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/activities/cell_cycle/01.html. 2. Categorize the cells into the five different phases. 3. Once that is sorted out, count up the number of cells in each category and record your data into the table below. 4. Then, you find the percent of the cells in each phase by dividing the amount of cells that was recorded in each phase and divide it by the total amount of cells. 5. Multiply the percent by 1,440 minutes to find the time that they were in each stage. 6. Record your data by putting it into the table below. Conclusion: Based on the chart, we can now see the amount of time each phase took, how many cells there are, and how each phase performs individually. I used the website because I did not get to see the entire cell cycle. Errors could have occurred with my calculations, but overall this experiment showed that not all experiments will be successful. Investigation 4: Loss of Cell Cycle Control in Cancer Part 4: Karyotypes Conclusion: When it comes to the amount of chromosomes we have, we need to keep it at exactly 46 chromosomes. If we are lacking a chromosome or are exceeding the limit of chromosomes then we won’t be able to function properly and will have many disabilities. It would be very hard to live life if we were to not have 46 chromosomes. Investigation 5: Meiosis and Crossing Over in Sordaria Part 5: Meiosis and Crossing Over in Sordaria Study the pictures of Sordia in the picture below by counting at least 50 asci and scoring them as either parental or recombinant.
Analysis Questions:
Conclusion:
In conclusion, this chart shows that 66% of offspring will have different genetics from their parents. It also shows how crossing over is common since crossing over is mixing genes from their parents. Without crossing over, they would either only look like their mother, or only look like their father. Some errors could have been miscounting the Asci. Overall, this showed me that not all chromosomes cross over during meiosis and simply stay in line which I thought was very interesting.
8 Comments
Carson Potter
1/30/2016 06:23:55 pm
Hey Stephanie! Awesome BLAB, I must say C; The only thing I'd say to add is for Investigation 2, with the onion root, if you used the link to find your data, Mrs. Blake wants us to put down our own procedures, in our own words, with using the link. So if you did use the link, then switch your procedures with going to the website with the link Mrs. Blake provided, and how you need to put the amount you counted in a table, etc. But if you didn't use the link, then just put the Procedures in your own words, so that Mrs. Blake doesn't deduct points. But, overall, great job!
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Stephanie Coburn
1/31/2016 06:40:11 pm
Thank you Carson, I will be sure to fix that. :)
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Hope Rodriguez
1/31/2016 05:59:47 pm
Your explanation of mitosis and meiosis are very thorough and really explain the pictures. I agree with Carson, just switch the procedures and you should be fine!
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Stephanie Coburn
1/31/2016 06:41:03 pm
Thank you Hope, I am currently fixing my procedures as we speak!
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Amber Vang
1/31/2016 07:56:53 pm
Great job Stephanie. The justifications for the mitosis and meiosis are very structured!
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Stephanie Coburn
1/31/2016 07:59:19 pm
Thank you Amber! :)
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1/31/2016 09:34:49 pm
Super nice job Stephanie! Your conclusions were very detailed.
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Stephanie Coburn
2/1/2016 08:01:26 am
Thank you Alexis! :)
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